Authors: O.A. Maslenikov, A.P. Komissarov, Yu.A. Lagunova, V.S. Shestakov

Title of the article: Development of a methodology for determining the parameters of a universal excavator

Year: 2025, Issue: 6, Pages: 10-15

Branch of knowledge: 2.8.8. Geotechnology, Mining machines (engineering)

Index UDK: 622.271

DOI: 10.26730/1816-4528-2025-6-10-15

Abstract: The hydraulically driven excavators are equipped with the working equipment "forward" and "reverse" shovel. For some operating conditions, for example, processing a wide face, digging above and below the standing level, standard equipment does not provide the required technological operations. A scheme of a universal excavator with a movable bucket bottom has been developed, in which, depending on the bucket movement, it switches to work in the forward and reverse shovel mode. For this scheme, a mathematical description of the working process has been developed also for two variants of excavator operation, which is included in the methodology for determining the parameters based on mathematical models of kinematic and force analysis according to the calculation scheme. The tangential component of the digging resistance force in the forward shovel mode from the efforts of the bucket hydraulic cylinder is determined by the condition of force equilibrium. For practical application, a program has been compiled in the Visual Basic algorithmic language in the Microsoft Excel application. The search for a possible force on the teeth, taking into account the operation of all hydraulic cylinders, is performed in the force analysis model. The results allow us to identify the limiting mechanism on which the maximum digging force depends. The results are presented in the form of tables, graphs, diagrams, and histograms.

Key words: hydraulic excavator working equipment bucket force work process mathematical model program

Receiving date: 31.10.2025

Approval date: 14.11.2025

Publication date: 18.12.2025

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